GOAL:
The goal is to remove the ability of an attacker to control immediates emitted into the text section.

OPTION:
The option -randomize-pool-immediates is set to none by default (-randomize-pool-immediates=none). To turn on constant blinding, set -randomize-pool-immediates=randomize; to turn on constant pooling, use -randomize-pool-immediates=pool.

Not all constant integers in the input pexe file will be randomized or pooled. The signed representation of a candidate constant integer must be between -randomizeOrPoolImmediatesThreshold/2 and +randomizeOrPoolImmediatesThreshold/2. This threshold value can be set with command line option: "-randomize-pool-threshold". By default this threshold is set to 0xffff.

The constants introduced by instruction lowering (e.g. constants in shifting, masking) and argument lowering are not blinded in this way. The mask used for sandboxing is not affected either.

APPROACH:
We use GAS syntax in these examples.

Constant blinding for immediates:
Original:
    add 0x1234, eax
After:
    mov 0x1234+cookie, temp_reg
    lea -cookie[temp_reg], temp_reg
    add temp_reg, eax

Constant blinding for memory addressing offsets:
Original:
  mov 0x1234(eax, esi, 1), ebx
After:
  lea 0x1234+cookie(eax), temp_reg
  mov -cookie(temp_reg, esi, 1), ebx

We use "lea" here because it won't affect flag register, so it is safer to transform immediate-involved instructions.

Constant pooling for immediates:
Original:
    add 0x1234, eax
After:
    mov [memory label of 0x1234], temp_reg
    add temp_reg, eax

Constant pooling for addressing offsets:
Original:
  mov 0x1234, eax
After:
  mov [memory label of 0x1234], temp_reg
  mov temp_reg, eax

Note in both cases, temp_reg may be assigned with "eax" here, depends on the
liveness analysis. So this approach may not require extra register.

IMPLEMENTATION:
  Processing:
   TargetX8632::randomizeOrPoolImmediate(Constant *Immediate, int32_t RegNum);
   TargetX8632::randomizeOrPoolImmediate(OperandX8632Mem *Memoperand, int32_t RegNum);

  Checking eligibility:
    ConstantInteger32::shouldBeRandomizedOrPooled(const GlobalContext *Ctx);

ISSUES:
1. bool Ice::TargetX8632::RandomizationPoolingPaused is used to guard some translation phases to disable constant blinding/pooling temporally. Helper class BoolFlagSaver is added to latch the value of RandomizationPoolingPaused.

Known phases that need to be guarded are: doLoadOpt() and advancedPhiLowering(). However, during advancedPhiLowering(), if the destination variable has a physical register allocated, constant blinding and pooling are allowed. Stopping blinding/pooling for doLoadOpt() won't hurt our randomization or pooling as the optimized addressing operands will be processed again in genCode() phase.

2. i8 and i16 constants are collected with different constant pools now, instead of sharing a same constant pool with i32 constants. This requires emitting two more pools during constants lowering, hence create two more read-only data sections in the resulting ELF and ASM. No runtime issues have been observed so far.

BUG=
R=stichnot@chromium.org

Review URL: https://codereview.chromium.org/1185703004.